NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

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What characteristic feature defines eutectic mixtures?

  1. Solid in a liquid

  2. Lower melting point than either of the components

  3. Homogenous mixture

  4. Higher melting point than the components

The correct answer is: Lower melting point than either of the components

Eutectic mixtures are characterized by having a lower melting point than either of the individual components. This is due to the formation of a unique crystalline structure that disrupts the normal intermolecular forces present in the pure components, leading to a decrease in the overall melting point of the mixture. Therefore, option B is the correct choice. Option A (Solid in a liquid) is incorrect because this describes a suspension where solid particles are dispersed throughout a liquid medium. Option C (Homogeneous mixture) is incorrect because eutectic mixtures are actually heterogeneous mixtures where two or more components interact to form a new compound with distinct properties. Option D (Higher melting point than the components) is also incorrect because eutectic mixtures, by definition, have a lower melting point than the individual components involved.

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