NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

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How do adrenergic alpha-2 agonists work in the treatment of glaucoma?

  1. By reducing intraocular pressure

  2. By increasing aqueous humor outflow only

  3. By decreasing aqueous humor production only

  4. By both increasing aqueous humor outflow and reducing aqueous humor production

The correct answer is: By both increasing aqueous humor outflow and reducing aqueous humor production

Adrenergic alpha-2 agonists work in the treatment of glaucoma by both increasing aqueous humor outflow and reducing aqueous humor production. These agents act on the alpha-2 receptors in the eye, leading to a decrease in the synthesis of aqueous humor by the ciliary body, thus reducing the amount of fluid produced. Additionally, they can also increase the drainage of aqueous humor through the uveoscleral outflow pathway, further helping to lower intraocular pressure. This dual mechanism of action makes them effective in managing glaucoma by addressing both aspects of fluid dynamics in the eye.

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