NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

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What is considered first-line prophylactic treatment for Gout?

Lesinurad
Probenecid
Pegloticase
Allopurinol

The correct answer is: Allopurinol

Allopurinol is considered the first-line prophylactic treatment for gout. It is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that works by reducing the production of uric acid in the body. By lowering the levels of uric acid, allopurinol helps prevent the formation of urate crystals that cause gout symptoms. The other options listed are not considered first-line treatments for gout prophylaxis. Lesinurad is a uricosuric agent used in combination with xanthine oxidase inhibitors in treatment-refractory gout. Probenecid is another uricosuric agent that is generally used as an alternative or add-on therapy when allopurinol is not effective or tolerated. Pegloticase is used for the management of chronic gout in patients who do not respond to other treatments and is typically reserved for refractory cases.