NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

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Ace your North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX) with our comprehensive practice test. Features include interactive flashcards, multiple-choice questions, with detailed hints and explanations. Fast-track your pharmacy career today!

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What is the main purpose of Regression in observational studies?

To assess a single independent variable
To control for many confounding factors
To calculate sensitivity and specificity
To show causation

The correct answer is: To control for many confounding factors

In observational studies, the main purpose of regression is to control for many confounding factors. Confounding factors are variables that can influence both the independent variable and the dependent variable, leading to a potential distortion of the relationship between them. By using regression analysis, researchers can account for and statistically control these confounding variables, allowing them to better isolate the true relationship between the independent and dependent variables. This helps to strengthen the validity of the findings and draw more reliable conclusions from observational studies. Regarding the other options: A. Assessing a single independent variable is a basic analysis that can be done using simpler statistical methods, while regression is typically employed for more complex analyses involving multiple variables. C. Sensitivity and specificity are measures used to evaluate diagnostic tests and are not directly related to the main purpose of regression in observational studies. D. Showing causation is a complex and challenging task in research and while regression analysis can provide insights into relationships between variables, it cannot definitively demonstrate causation.