NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

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What is the primary treatment for acute chemo-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV)?

NK1-RA
Corticosteroids
5HT-3 RAs
Benzos

The correct answer is: 5HT-3 RAs

The primary treatment for acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is 5HT-3 receptor antagonists (5HT-3 RAs). These medications target serotonin receptors in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract, effectively reducing nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. NK1 receptor antagonists (NK1-RAs) are often used in combination with 5HT-3 RAs for better control of CINV. Corticosteroids may also be used in combination with antiemetic drugs to manage CINV, as they have anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce inflammation and nausea. Benzos are not typically used as a first-line treatment for CINV, as they are more commonly used for anxiety and sedation rather than for controlling nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy.