NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

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What syndrome can occur with the combination of MAO-Is and drugs that increase serotonin (5-HT)?

Nephrotic syndrome
Serotonin syndrome
Down syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome

The correct answer is: Serotonin syndrome

Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur when taking MAO-Is (monoamine oxidase inhibitors) and drugs that increase serotonin levels, such as certain antidepressants. This combination can cause serotonin levels to rise to dangerous levels, leading to a variety of symptoms including confusion, restlessness, muscle stiffness, high blood pressure, and even coma. The other options listed are unrelated syndromes and should not be confused with serotonin syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder, Down syndrome is a genetic condition, and irritable bowel syndrome is a gastrointestinal disorder.