NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

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Which medication is preferred for managing agitation in the ICU for better outcomes?

Benzodiazepines
Propofol
Dexmedetomidine
Quetiapine

The correct answer is: Dexmedetomidine

Dexmedetomidine is the preferred medication for managing agitation in the ICU for better outcomes for several reasons. First, it has a shorter half-life compared to benzodiazepines and propofol, which allows for better titration and decreased risk of over-sedation. Additionally, dexmedetomidine has a unique mechanism of action as a selective α2-agonist, which results in sedation without respiratory depression. This makes it a safer option for patients with respiratory compromise. Quetiapine, while effective for agitation, is not typically used in the ICU setting as it has a slower onset of action and can cause prolonged sedation and hypotension. Benzodiazepines and propofol can also cause respiratory depression and are associated with longer ICU stays and higher mortality rates. Therefore, for these reasons, dexmedetomidine is the preferred medication for managing agitation in the ICU for better outcomes.