NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of first-generation antiandrogens?

1. QT prolongation

2. High blood pressure

3. Hot flashes and gynecomastia

4. Osteoporosis

The correct answer is: Hot flashes and gynecomastia

First-generation antiandrogens, such as flutamide and bicalutamide, are commonly used in the treatment of prostate cancer. One common adverse effect associated with these medications is the development of hot flashes and gynecomastia. Hot flashes are sudden feelings of warmth, often accompanied by sweating and a flushed face, while gynecomastia refers to the development of breast tissue in males. These adverse effects are a result of the antiandrogenic properties of these medications, which can disrupt the normal balance of hormones in the body. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Options A, B, and D are incorrect: A. QT prolongation is not a common adverse effect of first-generation antiandrogens. This side effect is more commonly associated with certain medications like antipsychotics and antibiotics. B. High blood pressure is not a common adverse effect of first-generation antiandrogens. Although antiandrogens may affect blood pressure indirectly through other mechanisms, it is not a hallmark adverse effect of this drug class. D. Osteoporosis is not a common adverse effect of first-generation antiandrogens. Osteoporosis is more commonly associated with medications like corticosteroids, anticonvulsants, and some cancer treatments.